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Yuhua Fused Cast
What should be considered when selecting bottom bricks for a horseshoe‑flame glass furnace?
Time：
Aug 05,2026
The core of constructing the bottom‑lining bricks in a horseshoe‑flame glass furnace lies in stringent material control, dry‑laying with tight joints, precise leveling, proper expansion joint detailing, and measures to prevent floating and leakage—factors that directly determine the furnace’s service life and the quality of the glass. The following are key points to note:
I. Material Preparation and Pre-treatment
Material Selection
Working layer (in contact with the molten glass): Electric melting is preferred. AZS Bricks (such as AZS-33/36/41 ), resistant to glass melt erosion, impermeable, and具有良好 thermal stability.
Sublayer / Insulation layer: Complemented by high-alumina bricks, zirconium‑silicate bricks, lightweight insulating bricks, and others, forming a graded composite structure.
The use of bricks with cracks, chipped corners, crumbling edges, or a dull sound when tapped is strictly prohibited.
Brick processing
Only the non-working surfaces (bottom and side surfaces) shall be machined; the working surface (the surface in contact with the molten glass) must not be machined to prevent a reduction in corrosion resistance.
Flatness error of the machined surface ≤ 1mm , ensuring that the dry-stacked units are tightly fitted together.
Pre-assembly and Numbering
Perform a preliminary layout along the kiln’s centerline, mark each position with a number, and prevent misplacement on site.
II. Foundation and Substrate Treatment
Basic Acceptance
The elevation and levelness deviations of the kiln‑bottom steel structure (flat bars, steel beams) shall be ≤ 3mm/m , centerline deviation ≤ 5mm。
Flat steel shall be allowed to expand freely and shall be temporarily fixed only; it is to be removed after construction.
Insulation and ramming layer
Insulating bricks shall be laid with staggered joints, and ramming materials (such as zirconia ramming material) shall be compacted in layers to achieve the specified density.
Thoroughly clean the base surface before laying; ensure it is free of debris and oil stains.
III. Key Points of Masonry Construction
Masonry method
Dry-laying: The pool bottom must be dry-laid, with mortar-free brick joints and only the designed expansion joints left intact.
Direction: Lay the bricks symmetrically on both sides of the kiln’s centerline, with vertical and horizontal mortar joints aligned.
Staggered joints: The mortar joints of the upper and lower courses must be staggered, and through-joints are strictly prohibited to enhance structural stability.
Flatness Control
Throughout the process, use a level and a straightedge for monitoring; the elevation deviation of the working surface shall be ≤. 2mm/m。
The tiles at the base of the pool wall and on the pool floor must be precisely leveled to ensure the wall’s verticality and watertightness.
Expansion Joint Arrangement
Left as designed, with a width deviation of ± 1mm , the seam is clean and free of debris.
The seam is sealed with manure paper. / Seal with adhesive tape to prevent debris and molten glass from seeping in.
Anti-floatation measures
Unpaved brick / During ramming of the layer, the bottom bricks must be secured with dedicated clamps or steel‑frame pressure strips to prevent them from lifting as the temperature rises.
Joint Control
Dry-laid brick joints ≤ 0.5mm , tightly fitted, with no light transmission and no gaps.
It is strictly prohibited to pack any materials into the side of the working face.
IV. Leak Prevention and Sealing
Interface processing
Bottoming bricks and ramming material / The spaces between the underlying bricks are filled with a matching self-leveling refractory mortar, creating a continuous impermeable barrier.
Peripheral sealing
At the junctions between the pool bottom and the pool walls, the liquid‑flow tunnel, the feed inlet, and other areas, use a specialized sealing mud or zirconium‑based refractory mortar to ensure a tight seal and prevent molten glass from seeping downward.
V. Quality Inspection and Finished-Product Protection
Process inspection
After laying each course, check the elevation, levelness, mortar joints, and expansion joints; any non‑conforming work must be reworked immediately.
Finished Product Protection
Stepping on or striking the working surface is strictly prohibited; during construction breaks, cover and protect the surface to prevent contamination and damage.
Acceptance Criteria
Compliant with JC/T 616-2019 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Refractory Materials for Glass Melting Furnaces.
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